Python

scikit-learn: Building a multi class classification ensemble

For the Kaggle Spooky Author Identification I wanted to combine multiple classifiers together into an ensemble and found the VotingClassifier that does exactly that.

We need to predict the probability that a sentence is written by one of three authors so the VotingClassifier needs to make a ‘soft’ prediction. If we only needed to know the most likely author we could have it make a ‘hard’ prediction instead.

We start with three classifiers which generate different n-gram based features. The code for those is as follows:

from sklearn import linear_model
from sklearn.ensemble import VotingClassifier
from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import CountVectorizer
from sklearn.naive_bayes import MultinomialNB
from sklearn.pipeline import Pipeline
 
ngram_pipe = Pipeline([
    ('cv', CountVectorizer(ngram_range=(1, 2))),
    ('mnb', MultinomialNB())
])
 
unigram_log_pipe = Pipeline([
    ('cv', CountVectorizer()),
    ('logreg', linear_model.LogisticRegression())
])

We can combine those classifiers together like this:

classifiers = [
    ("ngram", ngram_pipe),
    ("unigram", unigram_log_pipe),
]
 
mixed_pipe = Pipeline([
    ("voting", VotingClassifier(classifiers, voting="soft"))
])

Now it’s time to test our ensemble. I got the code for the test function from Sohier Dane‘s tutorial.

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
 
from sklearn.model_selection import StratifiedKFold
from sklearn import metrics
 
Y_COLUMN = "author"
TEXT_COLUMN = "text"
 
 
def test_pipeline(df, nlp_pipeline):
    y = df[Y_COLUMN].copy()
    X = pd.Series(df[TEXT_COLUMN])
    rskf = StratifiedKFold(n_splits=5, random_state=1)
    losses = []
    accuracies = []
    for train_index, test_index in rskf.split(X, y):
        X_train, X_test = X[train_index], X[test_index]
        y_train, y_test = y[train_index], y[test_index]
        nlp_pipeline.fit(X_train, y_train)
        losses.append(metrics.log_loss(y_test, nlp_pipeline.predict_proba(X_test)))
        accuracies.append(metrics.accuracy_score(y_test, nlp_pipeline.predict(X_test)))
 
    print("{kfolds log losses: {0}, mean log loss: {1}, mean accuracy: {2}".format(
        str([str(round(x, 3)) for x in sorted(losses)]),
        round(np.mean(losses), 3),
        round(np.mean(accuracies), 3)
    ))
 
train_df = pd.read_csv("train.csv", usecols=[Y_COLUMN, TEXT_COLUMN])
test_pipeline(train_df, mixed_pipe)

Let’s run the script:

kfolds log losses: ['0.388', '0.391', '0.392', '0.397', '0.398'], mean log loss: 0.393 mean accuracy: 0.849

Looks good.

I’ve actually got several other classifiers as well but I’m not sure which ones should be part of the ensemble. In a future post we’ll look at how to use GridSearch to work that out.

Published on Web Code Geeks with permission by Mark Needham, partner at our WCG program. See the original article here: scikit-learn: Building a multi class classification ensemble

Opinions expressed by Web Code Geeks contributors are their own.

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